Yeast community composition impacts on tequila industry waste treatment for pollution control and waste-to-product synthesis

The Tequila industry is a major producer of wastewater in the state Jalisco, Mexico. vinasses (TV) are residue from distillation fermented agave wort during tequila production. TV difficult to treat due their high organic content, nutrient loads, acidic pH and discharge temperature. frequently released into waterbodies or soil without any treatment, leading environmental degradation water sources. To reduce impact industry, cost-effective revalorization approaches must be developed. goals present study were assess treatment potential using mono mixed yeast cultures produce single-cell protein (SCP) analyze community composition high-throughput sequencing mixed-culture fermentation TV. process was performed culture three fodder species ( Candida utilis, Rhodotorula mucilaginosa Kluyveromyces marxianus ) 48 h at benchtop-scale. High-throughput relative abundance communities. Additionally, redundancy analysis bidirectional influence between communities pollutant removal (COD, nitrogen, phosphorus, proteins, sugars). Mixed displayed overall higher rates than monocultures, where C. utilis K. contributed most accumulation. R. population declined rapidly culture, presumably acidity phenolic composition. However, presence enhanced amino acid contents. Accordingly, content within significantly those indicating that have strong rich biomass TV, aiding transition both livestock industries sustainable circular bioeconomy model by reintegration material flows productive processes, reducing raw resource intake waste generation. approach could represent 45,664 tons feed yearly, based on current generated Jalisco.